"双固一通"艾灸法对糖尿病及糖尿病周围神经病变大鼠海马BDNF和NT-3蛋白的影响

目的观察“双固一通”艾灸法对糖尿病DM 及糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)大鼠血糖及海马中神经营养因子(BDNF)和神经营养素-3(NT-3)蛋白的影响。方法75只雄性SD大鼠随机分为A组、B组、C组、D组和E组,每组15只。A组为正常对照组,不进行任何干预,B组为DM模型组,造模后不行艾灸干预;C组为DM艾灸治疗组,采用艾条悬灸;D组为DPN模型组,造模后不行艾灸干预;E组为DPN艾灸治疗组,采用艾条悬灸。于造模后72 h、4周治疗结束后和8周治疗结束后空腹尾静脉采血测血糖,于4周治疗结束后和8周治疗结束后,用免疫组化试验方法检测各组大鼠海马中BDNF和NT-3蛋白表达情况。结果B组、D组与A组血糖水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),C组与B组比较,大鼠血糖水平降低(P<0.05);E组与D组比较,大鼠血糖水平降低(P<0.05)。B组、D组大鼠海马BDNF及NT-3免疫阳性神经元平均光密度值较A组明显减少(P<0.05);与B组比较,C组大鼠BDNF及NT-3免疫阳性神经元平均光密度值明显增加(P<0.05);与D组比较,E组大鼠BDNF及NT-3免疫阳性神经元平均光密度值明显增加(P<0.05)。结论“双固一通”艾灸法不仅可以起到明显的降糖效果,还可通过影响BDNF和NT-3蛋白的产生,保护糖尿病大鼠的感觉神经元,并对糖尿病及并发症周围神经病变起到治疗作用。     

Inactivated influenza vaccine formulated with single-stranded RNA-based adjuvant confers mucosal immunity and cross-protection against influenza virus infection

Influenza vaccination is considered the most valuable means to prevent and control seasonal influenza infections, which causes various clinical symptoms, ranging from mild cough and fever to even death. Among various influenza vaccine types, the inactivated subunit type is known to provide improved safety with reduced reactogenicity. However, there are some drawbacks associated with inactivated subunit type vaccines, with the main ones being its low immunogenicity and the induction of Th2-biased immune responses. In this study, we investigated the role of a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) derived from the intergenic region in the internal ribosome entry site of the Cricket paralysis virus as an adjuvant rather than the universal vaccine for a seasonal inactivated subunit influenza vaccine. The ssRNA adjuvant stimulated not only well-balanced cellular (indicated by IgG2a, IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α) and humoral (indicated by IgG1 and IL-4) immune responses but also a mucosal immune response (indicated by IgA), a key protector against respiratory virus infections. It also increases the HI titer, the surrogate marker of influenza vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, ssRNA adjuvant confers cross-protective immune responses against heterologous influenza virus infection while promoting enhanced viral clearance. Moreover, ssRNA adjuvant increases the number of memory CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, which can be expected to induce long-term immune responses. Therefore, this ssRNA-adjuvanted seasonal inactivated subunit influenza vaccine might be the best influenza vaccine generating robust humoral and cellular immune responses and conferring cross-protective and long-term immunity.     

Radioactivity measurements of sewerage in 4 hospitals from Chongqing, China

Monitoring of any release of radioactive materials to the environment is necessary for the environmental protection. Measurement of medical radioactive elements in the hospital sewerage is very important too. However, few study of radioactivity in hospital sewerage has been carried out or reported.     

哮喘人群STAT6基因多态性的研究

目的 研究信号转导和转录激活因子6（STAT6）基因3’非翻译区G2964A位点多态性与重庆哮喘人群的易感性及血浆IgE水平的关系。方法用聚合酶链反应和单链构像多态性（PCR-SSCP）的方法对42例哮喘患者及42例对照进行了STAT6基因G2964A位点多态性分析。结果哮喘组与对照组STAT6基因G2964A位点的基因型频率之间无显著性差异（P〉0．05），并且哮喘组各基因型之间均与血浆IgE升高无确定关系（P〉0．05）。结论G2964A位点多态性与重庆人群哮喘易感性可能无明显相关性。     

外周血MSCs的分离培养及对G-CSF的动员反应

目的建市多种种属外用血间充质干细胞（MSCs）的分离培养方法，探讨其对粒细胞集落刺激因子（G—CSF）的动员反应。方法用percoll（1．131g/mL）分离多种种属外周血单个核细胞，进行贴壁培养MSCs。以G-CSF作为动员剂，培养骨髓和外周血来源的MSCs，计数动员前后的成纤维细胞集落形成单位（CFU-F）。结果对多种种属进行外周血MSCs分离培养，成功率不同。在本实验条件下．可以稳定的直接分离培养出大鼠外周血的MSCs。G—CSF动员后，骨髓来源MSCs的CFU-F数昔显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）；外周血来源MSCs的CFU-F数量也显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），接近4倍。结论不同种属外周血MSCs分离培养难易不同，其直接原因是生理条什下外周血中存在的MSCs量少导致的。G—CSF可以有效地动员大鼠骨髓和外周血MSCs。     

大豆低聚糖和低聚肽对高脂血症大鼠血管活性物质和血液流变学的影响

目的探讨大豆低聚糖(SOS)和大豆低聚肽(SOP)对高脂血症大鼠血管活性物质和血液流变学的影响。方法60只健康成年SD大鼠随机分为5组:分别饲喂正常饲料(正常对照组,NCG),高脂饲料(高血脂模型组,HCG),高脂饲料 2%SOS(SOS组)、高脂饲料 3%SOP(SOP组)、高脂饲料 2%SOS 3%SOP(SOSP组)8周,测定大鼠血脂、血管活性物质PG I2、TXA2、NO和血液流变学指标。结果各实验组均能显著降低高脂血症大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C,升高HDL-C,改善血脂水平。同时升高PG I2、NO,降低TXA2和TXA2/PG I2比值,还能降低血黏度和红细胞压积,并以复合干预组效果最佳。结论SOS和SOP具有良好的调节血脂、影响血管活性物质生成和改善血液流变学的作用,以联合使用效果最为显著。     

Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Longitudinal Bone Mineral Content Data From the Iowa Bone Development Study

The foundation for osteoporosis risk is, in part, established during childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood, all periods of development when bone mass is acquired rapidly. The relative quantity of bone mass accrued is influenced by both lifestyle and genetic factors, although the genetic component is not yet well understood. The purpose of this study was to use a genome-wide association (GWA) analysis to discover single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with: (1) the sex-specific hip bone mineral content at approximately the age of 19 when the amount of bone accrued is near its peak; and (2) the sex-specific rate of hip bone mineral content accrual during the adolescent growth spurt. The Iowa Bone Development Study, a longitudinal cohort study exploring bone health in children, adolescents, and young adults was the source of data. From this cohort, n = 364 (190 females, 174 males) participants were included in GWA analyses to address (1) and n = 258 participants (125 females and 133 males) were included in GWA analyses to address (2). Twenty SNPS were detected having p < 1.0 × 10^?5. Of most biologic relevance were 2 suggestive SNPs (rs2051756 and rs2866908) detected in an intron of the DKK2 gene through the GWA analysis that explored peak bone mass in females.     

Efficacy of Antiosteoporotic Medications in Patients With Rebound-Associated Fractures After Denosumab Discontinuation

Denosumab discontinuation results in rapid bone loss and increased risk of multiple rebound-associated vertebral fractures (RAVFs). The optimal treatment for patients who have sustained such fractures is currently unknown. We aimed to investigate the bone mineral density (BMD) changes achieved with various regimens in postmenopausal women who had sustained RAVFs after denosumab discontinuation in everyday clinical practice. In this multicenter, retrospective observational study, 39 Greek postmenopausal women from six regional bone centers throughout Greece with RAVFs after denosumab discontinuation were included. We collected BMD and fracture data before and 1 year after treatment with denosumab (n = 20), teriparatide (n = 8), zoledronate (n = 8) or teriparatide/denosumab combination (n = 3). Both lumbar spine (LS)-- and femoral neck (FN)-BMD were preserved with all regimens used. With the exception of zoledronate, a trend towards increase was observed with all regimens in LS-BMD. Three patients sustained additional fractures despite treatment reinstitution (2 with zoledronate and 1 with teriparatide). Among patients with RAVFs following denosumab discontinuation both antiresorptive (zoledronate and denosumab) and anabolic (teriparatide) treatment as well as the combination of denosumab with teriparatide seem to be effective in terms of BMD response.     

重庆市孕前生殖健康与出生结局队列：设计简介与建设概况

出生队列是研究生命早期暴露对健康结局影响的重要工具, 但目前缺乏有力支撑孕前暴露特别是父系暴露对生殖健康和妊娠结局影响研究的大型队列平台。重庆市孕前生殖健康与出生结局队列研究是起始于孕前阶段, 同等关注男女双方的环境、心理、行为等暴露因素对生殖健康和不良妊娠结局影响的前瞻性队列研究。项目于2019年正式启动, 计划招募有生育意愿的育龄夫妇20 800人。通过随访, 调查志愿者2年内是否自然受孕。对进入妊娠期的女性志愿者, 在孕早、中、晚期进一步随访, 并对分娩的子代随访至2岁, 监测早产、低出生体重、出生缺陷、神经功能发育障碍等结局发生情况。各阶段分别采集相应的数据信息和生物样本, 包括精液、外周血、尿液、胎盘、脐带、脐带血、口腔拭子等。截至2022年1月, 已纳入志愿者8 698人, 分布于重庆市所有38个区/县。本队列建设目标是成为涵盖父母双方的前瞻性大样本孕前出生队列, 将以独特的设计和更加全面的视角阐明全生育周期特别是孕前期暴露因素对生殖健康和不良出生结局的影响及机制。